Monograph Details
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Infections & Infestations
> Viral infections
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RETROVIR IV |
| Manufacturer |
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GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals |
| Legal Classification |
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Rx
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| Pharmacological Class |
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Nucleoside analogue (reverse transcriptase inhibitor). |
| Generic Name |
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Zidovudine 10mg/mL; for IV infusion after dilution; preservative-free. |
| Also |
• RETROVIR CAPSULES
• RETROVIR SYRUP
• RETROVIR TABLETS
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| Indications |
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HIV infection. Prevention of maternal-fetal HIV transmission. |
| Children |
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Vertical transmission: see literature. |
| Adults |
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Give by IV infusion over 1 hour; use only until oral therapy can be given. 1mg/kg 5–6 times daily. End-stage renal disease on dialysis: 1mg/kg every 6–8 hours. Vertical transmission: see literature. |
| Contraindications |
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Concomitant other forms of zidovudine. |
| Precautions |
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Suspend if lactic acidosis or hepatotoxicity (eg, hepatomegaly, steatosis) occurs. Monitor for hematologic toxicity; reduce dose or suspend if significant anemia and/or granulocytopenia occurs; transfuse if necessary. Renal or hepatic dysfunction: consider reducing dose. Bone marrow suppression. Risk of liver disease. Women, obesity, prolonged nucleoside exposure, or advanced HIV disease: increased risk of toxicity. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended. |
| Interactions |
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Avoid stavudine, doxorubicin, ribavirin, other nucleoside analogues. Caution with other nephrotoxic, cytotoxic, myelosuppressive drugs (eg, dapsone, flucytosine, vincristine, vinblastine, adriamycin, ganciclovir, interferon-alpha), methadone, acyclovir. Fluconazole, atovaquone, probenecid, valproic acid increase zidovudine levels. Monitor phenytoin. May be antagonized by rifampin, phenytoin, other CYP450 inducers. Monitor for treatment-associated toxicities with interferon-alpha with or without ribavirin. |
| Adverse Reactions |
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Anemia, neutropenia, headache, malaise, GI disturbances, insomnia, pain, myopathy, neuropathy, myositis, thrombocytopenia, lactic acidosis, steatosis, hepatomegaly, fat redistribution, pancreatitis, others. |
| Extra Text |
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Note: Register pregnant patients exposed to zidovudine by calling (800) 258-4263. |
| How Supplied |
Caps—100
Tabs—60
Syrup—240mL
IV (20mL/vial)—10 |
| Additional Resources |
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• Related Prescribing Note |
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