Monograph Details
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Endocrine System
> Diabetes
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PRECOSE |
| Manufacturer |
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Bayer Corp, Pharmaceutical Div. |
| Legal Classification |
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Rx
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| Pharmacological Class |
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α-glucosidase inhibitor. |
| Generic Name |
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Acarbose 25mg, 50mg, 100mg; tabs. |
| Indications |
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Adjunct to diet in type 2 diabetes, alone or with insulin, metformin, or a sulfonylurea. |
| Children |
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Not recommended. |
| Adults |
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Take with first bite of each main meal. Initially 25mg three times daily; increase at 4–8 wk intervals if needed. Or, (to minimize GI effects): initially 25mg once daily, increase gradually to 25mg three times daily. Range: 50–100mg three times daily. ≤60kg: max 50mg three times daily; >60kg: max 100mg three times daily. |
| Contraindications |
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Ketoacidosis. Cirrhosis. Inflammatory bowel disease. Colonic ulceration. Partial or predisposition to intestinal obstruction. Chronic intestinal disease with marked disorders of digestion or absorption. Conditions that may deteriorate from increased intestinal gas formation. |
| Precautions |
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Significant renal dysfunction (serum creatinine >2mg/dL): not recommended. Use glucose, not sucrose, to treat hypoglycemia. Stress. Monitor 1-hour postprandial glucose initially and during titration, then glycosylated hemoglobin. Monitor serum transaminases every 3 months during 1st year and periodically thereafter. Pregnancy (Cat.B): consider insulin instead. Nursing mothers: not recommended. |
| Interactions |
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Caution with drugs that cause hyperglycemia (eg, diuretics, steroids, estrogens, phenothiazines, thyroid products, phenytoin, niacin, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blockers, isoniazid). Antagonized by intestinal adsorbents (eg, charcoal), pancreatin, amylase, other carbohydrate-splitting enzymes. Monitor digoxin; and for hypoglycemia if used with insulin or a sulfonylurea. |
| Adverse Reactions |
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Transient flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain. |
| How Supplied |
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Tabs—100 |
| Additional Resources |
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• Related Prescribing Note |
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