Monograph Details
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Endocrine System
> Diabetes
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GLUMETZA |
| Manufacturer |
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Depomed, Inc. |
| Legal Classification |
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Rx
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| Pharmacological Class |
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Biguanide. |
| Generic Name |
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Metformin HCl 500mg, 1000mg; ext-rel tabs. |
| Indications |
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Adjunct to diet and exercise in type 2 diabetes. |
| Children |
<18yrs: not recommended.
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| Adults |
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Swallow whole. Take with evening meal. ≥18yrs: Monotherapy: Initially 1g once daily; may increase by 500mg/day at 1-week intervals; max 2g once daily. If glycemic control not achieved: consider giving 1g twice daily. Adding to insulin: Initially 500mg once daily; may increase by 500mg/day at 1-week intervals; max 2g/day. Reduce insulin dose by 10–25% as needed. Concomitant sulfonylureas: see literature. Elderly, debilitated, malnourished: avoid max doses. |
| Contraindications |
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Renal disease or dysfunction. Metabolic acidosis, ketoacidosis. Concomitant intravascular iodinated contrast agents (suspend during and for 48 hrs after use). |
| Precautions |
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Confirm normal renal function before starting and monitor (esp. in patients ≥80 years). Avoid if clinical or lab evidence of hepatic disease. Discontinue if lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, renal impairment, shock, acute MI, sepsis, acute CHF, or hypoxemia occurs. Suspend therapy if dehydration occurs or before surgery. Monitor hematology (esp. serum Vit. B12 in susceptible patients). Secondary failure. Elderly, debilitated, uncompensated strenuous exercise, stress, malnourished or deficient caloric intake, adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, or alcohol intoxication: increased risk of hypoglycemia. Pregnancy (Cat.B), nursing mothers: not recommended; consider using insulin instead. |
| Interactions |
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Cationic drugs eliminated by renal tubular secretion (eg, amiloride, digoxin, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, quinine, ranitidine, triamterene, trimethoprim, vancomycin), furosemide, nifedipine, cimetidine: may increase metformin levels. Avoid excessive alcohol intake (potentiates effects of metformin on lactate). Diuretics, steroids, phenothiazines, phenytoin, niacin, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blockers, isoniazid, others that may cause hyperglycemia. Increased risk of hypoglycemia with alcohol, sulfonylureas, insulin. β-blockers may mask hypoglycemia. |
| Adverse Reactions |
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GI disturbances; rare: lactic acidosis (half of the cases are fatal). |
| How Supplied |
Tabs 500mg—100
1000mg—90 |
| Additional Resources |
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• Related Prescribing Note |
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